Congenital Facial Paralysis
Congenital facial paralysis can result from genetic causes or from trauma during the delivery process. It is important to distinguish the exact cause of facial paralysis as treatment options vary. Electromyography testing (EMG) can sometimes be useful in this setting. The prognosis for facial paralysis from delivery trauma is generally excellent.
Mobius syndrome is a congenital cause of bilateral facial paralysis in which the facial nerve and/or facial musculature is congenitally absent along with abducens nerve palsy. Treatment of Mobius syndrome involves a combination of static and dynamic facial reanimation techniques.